Smoking and Risk of Cardiac Disease Research Paper

Smoking and Risk of Cardiac Disease - Research Paper Example There are several risk factors for cardiac disease, some of which are preventable. The most significant preventable factor is smoking. Several studies have associated smoking with risk of cardiac disease. Infact, both passive and active smoking are associated with cardiac disease and hence in several countries in the world, smoking in public places has been banned. The specific cardiac disease that is caused by smoking is ischemic heart disease. While there are several views as to how smoking causes cardiac disease, most experts agree that there are several mechanisms through which smoking leads to the development of cardiac disease. Smoking is associated with many health-related problems and hence is a major health-related issue. It is a leading cause of illness and death all over the world. A smoker is at risk of developing cancers of the throat, mouth, lungs, bladder and esophagus and also heart attack. Research has shown that smoking increases the risk of lung, throat and mouth c ancers by 14 times, cancer of the esophagus by 4 times, chances of death through heart attack by two times and chances of bladder cancer by 2 times (Bernstein, EmedicineHealth). Other health-related problems occurring due to cigarette smoking are emphysema, chronic bronchitis, peptic ulcer disease, pneumonia, cancer of the lip, cancers of the larynx and pharynx, malignancies of the abdomino-pelvic organs like pancreas, bladder and kidneys and also cancer of the cervix. Cigarette smoking can also increase the risk of burns (Bernstein, EmedicineHealth). In this essay, the role of smoking in the development of cardiac disease will be discussed. This will be preceded by an overview of ischemic heart disease. The thesis statement in this essay is â€Å"What is the relationship between smoking and cardiac disease?† Ischemic heart disease or IHD or coronary heart disease is a condition in which there is oxygen deprivation to the muscles of the heart as a result of decreased blood fl ow and perfusion and is accompanied by inadequate removal of the products of metabolism (Zevitz, Emedicine). This is the most common form of heart disease and a leading cause of premature death in the developed countries (Zevitz, Emedicine). The hallmark feature of this condition is imbalance between the supply and demand of oxygen of the myocardium which can occur either due to increased myocardial oxygen demand or decreased myocardial oxygen supply or both. It can manifest as one of these: anginal discomfort, ST-segment deviation on ECG, decreased uptake of technetium 99 or thallium 201 in images of myocardial perfusion and ventricular function impairment (Zevitz, Emedicine). Ischemia to the myocardium results from disease in the coronary arteries. The disease is most often due to formation of atheroma and its consequences like thrombosis. Coronary arteries can be affected in other conditions also like aortitis, polyarteritis, certain connective tissue disorders and in some congen ital anomalies like fistula, malformation of major coronary artery and anomalous origin of coronary artery (Mcpherson, Medscape). Atheroma, also known as atherosclerosis is nothing but patchy focal disease of the intima of the artery. Of all the arteries in the body, coronary arteries are at increased risk of developing atheroma (Ross, p.443). The beginning of these plaques occurs in the second or third decade and gradually progresses. Initially, the circulating monocytes migrate into the intima of the arteries and take up oxidised low density lipoprotein from the plasma. These cells then become lipid-laden foam cells (Mcpherson, Medscape). Once these foam cells die, the contents of the cells are released which are mainly lipids. These form fatty streaks. Smooth muscles cells of the artery migrate in and around the

Checklist For Evaluating Internal Controls Essay Example for Free

Checklist For Evaluating Internal Controls Essay For publicly traded companies, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires an audit of internal controls. The purpose of an internal control evaluation is to evaluate risk, which offers auditors a basis for audit planning and provides useful information to management (Sox Law, 2006). Auditors typically use the five basic components of internal control to approve the entire system. According to Louwers, Ramsay, Sinason, and Strawser (2007) the five components to internal controls include control environment, risk assessment, control activities, monitoring, and information and communication. Control environment involves the tone of the organization and includes â€Å"the integrity, ethical values, and competence of the companys people† (Louwers, Ramsay, Sinason, Strawser, 2007). Risk assessment involves a thorough assessment which â€Å"identify(s) risks, estimate their significance and likelihood, and consider how to manage the risks† (Louwers, Ramsay, Sinason, Strawser, 2007). Control activities involve specific actions which help ensure that management’s goals and projections are met. Monitoring involves the continuous assessment of internal controls. Information and communication relates to the efficiency and reliability of information and communication regarding how the information is presented and communicated to users. Internal controls protect the financial information and operations of a business. The development and implementation of these controls are typically the responsibility of the business owners. Internal or external audits may be used to gauge the efficiency of internal controls. This audit generally takes place following a standard process of risk measurement regarding the business operations and financial information. The measurement data is most effectively determined by using an internal control checklist. Checklist Phase One: Understand and Document the Client’s Internal Control Obtaining an Understanding Control Environment Evaluation Risk Assessment Evaluation Information and Communication Assessment Phase Two: Assess the Control Risk Phase Three: Test Controls and Review Control Risk Reassess Controls Direction of the Test of Controls Reassess the Control Risk

U.S. Budget :: essays research papers

Caffeine   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A lot of people often wonder what caffeine is. When isolated in pure form, caffeine is a white crystalline powder that tastes very bitter. The chief source of pure caffeine is the process of decaffeinating coffee or tea. Caffeine is used to provideâ€Å"boost energy† or a feeling of heightened alertness. It is often used to stay awake longer and late into the night. Many people feel as though they â€Å"cannot function† in the morning without a cup of coffee to provide caffeine and the boost it gives them. Caffeine is an addictive drug. It operates using the same mechanisms that amphetamines, cocaine, and heroin use to stimulate the brain. Caffeine effects are more mild than amphetamines, cocaine, and heroin, but it is manipulating the same channels, and that is one of the things that gives caffeine its addictive qualities. If you feel like you have to have caffeine everyday and cannot live without it, then you are considered addicted to caffeine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Caffeine also increases dopamine levels in the same way that amphetamines do (heroine, and cocaine also manipulate dopamine levels by slowing down the rate of dopamine reuptake). Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that, in certain parts of the brain, activates the pleasure center. Caffeine’s effects are obviously much lower than heroin’s, but it is the same mechanism. The long term problem with caffeine is the effect it has on sleep. The half life of caffeine in your body is about 6 hours. That means that if you have a big cup of coffee with 200 mg of caffeine in it at 3:00pm, by 9:00pm about 100 mg of that caffeine is still in your system. You will still be able to fall asleep but your body is going to miss out on the benefits of deep sleep. The next day you are probably going to feel worse, so to make yourself feel better, you will need caffeine as soon as you get up and out of bed. This cycle can start to continue day after day. This is why 90% of Ame ricans consume caffeine everyday. Once you get in the cycle, you have to keep taking the drug (home.howstuffworks.com). Caffeine raises adrenaline levels and heavy coffee consumption can lead to a state of adrenal gland exhaustion where the adrenal glands are no longer able to adequately respond to stress by releasing enough adrenaline. Adrenal insufficiency can then lead to a host of other problems, including a weakened immune system response, anxiety and panic attacks.

Homeland Security Phase Essay

The risk of terrorism has especially been high following the September 11, 2001, round of attacks.   The government and the people do have an inherent fear of terrorism, and the government and taken up many program and policies to counteract terrorism.   The role of public in the way it could help prevent terrorism and reduce the risk is still being assessed.   Besides, the terrorist organizations have also shifted their areas of interest due to several reasons including a stronger stance by the government and the law-enforcing agencies, destruction of several of the terrorist bases and finances, and greater use of terrorists on creating losses in terms of man and money. Following the 9-11 attacks, the top leadership of several terrorists’ organizations has been weakened.   These organizations have shifted their leadership from a centralized system to a peripheral one.   Although, the chances of coordinated attacks are less, there are increased chances of isolated incidents.   However, these can claim a huge toll in terms of human life.   After the happenings of September 11, the security in several parts of the US has been advanced.   The incoming flights and airports have been thoroughly checked.   As the security levels become more and more harder, the terrorists aim at softer targets (by which people would be completely caught unaware).   These terrorists groups aim at specific targets (such as hotels, places of worship, shopping malls, airports, aircrafts, etc), where the toll on humans is high (Dixon & Reville). It is important that the risk of a terrorist threat not only be identified, but also develop a plan to manage the risk.   The management of the entire terrorist threat should be done in three steps.   These include: – 1. Identification of the threat and assessment of the initial site/s – The type, nature and the probability of a terrorist attack should closely be assessed.   The intelligence agencies would have some measures in place by which such risks are identified.   They should also consider attacks on well-protected structures.   The law-enforcing agencies should conduct a site assessment of the probable terrorist location to determine the level of protection that is actually present and the extent to which it can be improved.   In this case, as the terrorist group is against capitalism, they would mostly attack a famous business building in the US City. 2. Assessment of the risks – The effects of the terrorist attack on a probable location should be closely assessed.   Some of the common analysis that is conducted includes analysis of explosives and blasts, and threats arising from nuclear, chemical and biological weapons.   Building and structures are closely assessed using the blast and explosive analysis.   The agencies should conduct a detailed analysis of how the building would react to an explosive, and the amount/type of explosives that would be require to completely collapse the building.   Specialized software tools are usually utilized.   Accordingly, the agencies can look out for the presence of such explosive in the building. 3. Management of the risks – This is similar to management of any other disaster such as an earthquake or a tsunami.   The risks have to be management at several periods depending on what intelligence the agencies would be obtaining.   If the intelligence agencies get an idea that at a particular time, a specific building would be attacked, then it would make sure that the building is well protected and that the terrorists are caught.   However, if the intelligence agencies do not get a specific idea, then it would have to increase the security measures in general and accordingly plan for an emergency or a disaster, so as to reduce the causalities.   Efforts should also be on to reduce the financial risks if possible.   Insuring the high-risk areas can do this.   (Gould, 2004), One of the theories utilized to counteract terrorism is the policy of pre-emption.   According this theory, by acting first, an attack an effectively be prevented.   The law-enforcement agencies should use preventive action against the terrorist in order to prevent a life-taking attack.   Preemptive attacks could be considered as a separate law to launch an attack on the terrorist (Embrey, 2003).

Residential Schools

IntroductionFor years, the aboriginal people have been discriminated in Canada. They were perceived as inferior because their native traditions were very different from the white Canadian traditions. In the 19th century, the Canadian government created mandatory residential schools to assimilate the Natives into English speaking and Christian Canadians. The schools were church-run and government funded. They did so thinking their traditions would diminish or be completely eliminated in a few generations. However, the residential schools affected the Natives and the Government negatively, despite it’s original objectives.The residential schools did not provide the proper education for the Natives. Also, many of them were living under poor condition and got abused which lead to different types of traumas in their  adult lives. To continue, the government`s goals were not reached and they had to apologize to the Natives to try to gain their respect. The impact of poor education The education in residential schoolsThere was a total of 130 residential schools across Canada, and about 150 000 children attended those institutes. The main goal of the schools was for the Natives to learn English and adopt the Christian and Canadian culture. To do so, the children were prohibited to speak their language or practice their culture, or else they would receive severe punishments. Aboriginal residential schools provided an inferior education to students than the general population in the public school system. They focused on training students for manual labor in agriculture, industries and domestic work such as cooking, sewing and laundry work. Over 40 pour cent of the teaching staff had not received any kind of professional training. Many students had to work for the school involuntary and unpaid after class because the school could not run without it.The impactWith such a poor education, students who reached the age of eighteen only had up to a fifth grade education . This caused a lot of problems later on when the government tried to incorporate Aboriginal students into public schools. Many of them struggled to keep up with the adjustment and those who wanted to attend university were often restrained to do so. That incident made it difficult for Aboriginal communities to break the cycle of poverty.Residential school conditionsThe poor conditionsMany students were taken away from their families, and were not able to communicate with their siblings who attended the same school. The students were forced to do labour work during their stay at the school and were fed poor quality food. The food that was given was sometimes rotten, moldy and infested with maggots. As a form of punishment, many of them were sexually, mentally and physically assaulted. Also, some of them were forced to sleep outside in the winter and they were used for medical experiments. Survivors remember having needles pushed into their tongue if they were caught  speaking thei r language.These abuses, along with the poor hygiene, overcrowding and inadequate food and health care, resulted in an outrageously high death toll. In 1907, a study by the government medical inspector P.H Bryce reported that 24 pour cent of the kids died ar the schools and 47 to 75 pour cent of those who were discharged from the schools died months within returning home (http://indigenousfoundations.arts.ubc.ca).The impactThe negative impact of the residential schools on the Native communities still remains to this day. Even the people who did not attend those schools still share the same millstones as their ancestors. These include domestic violence due to personal trauma and the loss of Aboriginal language, culture and traditions. Some of those who have attended the schools suffer from post-traumatic stress syndrome and the effects make it challenging to take part in social, family and professional environments. Many of the children grew up without experiencing a nurturing family life and without the acquaintance and skills to raise their own families.Also, the sense of worthlessness that was implanted in the students resulted to self-abuse. The extremely low self-esteem contributed to a high rate of substance use, alcoholism and suicide. The damage caused by the residential schools has caused intergenerational trauma which is the cycle of abuse and trauma from one generation to the next (http://indigenousfoundations.arts.ubc.ca).The government’s roleThe government’s main goalThe government believed that the socio-cultural difference between themselves and the aboriginal people was too wide. They described the Natives as a savage, ignorant, uncivilized and in need of guidance group of people. They assumed that by creating residential schools, they would be able to easily assimilate the Natives, â€Å"If anything is to be done with the Indian, we must catch him very young. The children must be kept constantly within the circle of civilized con ditions,† ( Davin). Their strategy was to rapidly adapt them to mainstream society through education.However, it did not go as intended. In 1950, despite all their efforts to extinguish the Native culture, the government realised that the integration was not working. Regardless all the  damage that was done, their culture was still surviving. It is at that point that the government recognized the devastating effects of the residential schools. Nevertheless, it wasn`t until 1986 that all doors of the residential schools were closed. The government’s apologyIn 1980, survivors of the residential schools started suing the government and churches for all the destruction the residential schools had caused to their individuals and communities. The federal government and churches involved approved to pay collective and individual rewards to the survivors of the residential schools, in 2007. They also promised to the Native culture that they would establish supporting programs to help heal their grief, and to launch a Truth and Reconciliation Commission. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission is used when a country wants to reconcile and resolve policies or practices, in other words, unify Canada. In 2007, the government announced they would be giving 1.9 billion dollars to the aboriginal people who were forced to attend the schools as a compensation package.They also provided 120 million dollars to the Aboriginal Healing foundation as well as 100 million dollars given by the churches to finance services towards healing initiatives ( www.CBC.ca). On June 11th 2008, a ceremony was held by the House of Common to publicly apologize for the government`s participation and to recognize the negative impact it has done. That apology was left with a wide range of reactions. Some believed that it was a positive step for the government to build a relationship based on mutual respect while others believed that it would not change the government`s connection with th e Aboriginal people. The idea of the residential schools did a lot of harm to the government`s image because many Canadians lost respect towards the government after the truth behind those schools came out.ConclusionTo conclude, residential schools affected the Natives and the Government negatively despite their original objectives in many ways. The residential schools did not provide the proper education for the Natives. Also, many of them got mentally, physically and sexually abused which lead to a cycle of trauma and abuse for the future generations.To continue, the government`s initial goals were not reached and they lost the respect and trust of many  Canadians. Although the government tried to help the Native population financially and through healing support, it is difficult for the victims to leave the past behind. The Aboriginal communities still struggle to adapt to our society, which proves how persistent a nation can be.

speech codes essays

speech codes essays Campus speech codes like the one that got Eden Jacobowitz in trouble at the University of Pennsylvania do more to violate rights than to uphold them, and should be abolished. In the case of Jacobowitz its a simple sign of rules gone wild. While we need to protect the right of free speech we also need to understand that people can get carried away using that right while some people can scream and cry for the right to speak their minds they will also be the first ones to complain or make a scene that someone has offended them. We have to make or choose our words to not offend another person but to also get our point across to them. Everybody is created different so we see things in different lights so what is offensive to one person might not be the same for another. An example might be instead of Jacobowitz its some black guy and hes at the point where hes hanging out the window yelling shut up nigger. Now if he said that to someone they couldnt, no wouldnt do a thing because hes black and he can say it. But if a white or another colored person said the exact same thing he would be under the racial harassment because hes not black and nigger is referring to a colored person. So I think it depends on what is said. There seems to be tons of words that can be used the same way as the previous example. It depends on who says the slur, in what context, to someone of another race. In an ideal world if people would act with the same moral standards as when these laws were written we would have no senseless accusations. Since society has been demoralized to where swear words are the norm on TV shows at any given time of day. I believe that on instances like this, that when people are accused of doing things like this to where it would have a wide interpretation; it should be reviewed on a case by case basis. Since anybodys feelings can be hurt an...

Subject and Object Questions Lesson Plans for ESL

Subject and Object Questions Lesson Plans for ESL Asking direct questions is usually one of the more difficult tasks for learners of English. This is principally due to the fact that English inverts its subject and auxiliary  verb in the interrogative form. Once this standard structure is learned, students need to also master the subject question. The following lower-intermediate to intermediate lesson focuses on helping students learn to recognize and employ both types of direct questions. Subject and Object Questions Lesson Plan Aim: Asking direct subject questions, recognizing the difference between subject and object questions Activity: Jumbled questions followed by question pair work employing both subject and object questions with who, what and which Level: Lower-intermediate to intermediate Outline: Activate student knowledge of asking questions by having students ask each other questions in class.If necessary, quickly go over standard question structure (? word auxiliary verb subject principle ver B) on the board in a variety of tenses. Remember to point out that the verb to be is an exception.Write a subject question such as: Who married Tom? on the board. Ask students why this question doesnt follow the standard format.Discuss the difference between a subject and object question with students. Make sure to include examples with who, what and which.Put students in pairs or small groups and ask them to complete the jumbled questions.Correct the exercise in class making sure that students have understood the difference between subject and object questions.Have students pair up and give each pair a Student A and Student B sheet.Have students complete sheets asking each other for any missing information.To follow-up ask students to write a number of subject and object questions as homework. Asking Questions Put the following words in order to make a question. Remember to conjugate the verbs and add an auxiliary verb if required. he/who/visit/last week/which/car/kind of/300 k.p.h/gohim/invite/who/dinner/to/yesterdaywhat/you/tv/buybook/they/read/which/for/classwho/ask/question/the Ask your partner questions to fill in the missing information ​ Student A _____ (who) bought a new car last week. It is a beautiful new Cadillac. He bought the car because __________ (why). My father has driven a Cadillac for many years. _____ (who) says its the kind of car that people respect. In fact, _______ (who) have always driven Cadillacs. I remember that ________ (who) used to drive a Cadillac. When my _____ (who) first met Elvis, he saw that he was driving a ________ (what). It was then that my father decided to buy a _______ (what). ​ Student B My Father bought a ______ (what) last week. It is a beautiful new _______ (what kind of car). He bought the car because he says its the best car in the world. _____ (who) has driven a Cadillac for many years. My father says its the kind of car that ________ (what kind of car). In fact, rich and famous people have always driven _____ (what). I remember that Elvis Presley used to drive a _____ (what). When my father first met _____ (who), he saw that he was driving a pink Cadillac. It was then that _________ (who) decided to buy a Cadillac.

How to Win a Coca Cola Scholarship

How to Win a Coca Cola Scholarship SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you're looking into scholarship programs to help pay for your college education, the famous Coca-Cola scholarships are a good place to start. Why are they famous? Well, the Coca-Cola foundation offers some of the most generous awards out there to graduating high school seniors. They tend to be very competitive, so if you want a shot at the scholarship, you should learn as much about them as you possibly can. In this post, I'll talk about some of the logistical concerns you might have about the scholarship- things like deadlines and eligibility requirements. But more importantly, I'll also offer helpful tips and strategies to give your application the boost it needs. Read on to optimize your chances of winning one of these competitive scholarships! What Is the Coca-Cola Scholarship? There are a few different types of Coca-Cola scholarships, but the one you'll likely be most interested in is called the Coca-Cola Scholars Scholarship. This scholarship is a merit-based award given to graduating high school seniors who are enrolling in college. Each year since 1989,150 high school seniors per year have received $20,000 through this award program. If you've looked into other scholarship programs, you might recognize that the Coca-Cola Scholars award amount is pretty generous. $20,000 can cover a significant portion of your cost of attendance! As you might expect, the scholarship is pretty competitive: the top five colleges that scholarship recipients attend are Harvard, Stanford, Duke, Yale, and Princeton. Applicants are evaluated on leadership, academics, and service. Many scholarship recipients also demonstrate a passion for social justice. How Do You Know If You're Eligible? In order to qualify for the Coca-Cola Scholars Foundation Scholarship, you must meet all of the following requirements: Be a current high school senior attending school in the US Be a US citizen, national, or permanent resident Anticipate receiving your high school diploma Plan on attending an accredited US post-secondary institution (two- or four-year college) Cannot bea child/grandchild of any employee, officer, or owner of Coca-Cola bottling companies, the Coca-Cola company, Company divisions or subsidiaries If you meet all of the above criteria, you're on the right track to submitting a successful Coca-Cola Scholars Foundation Scholarship application. What Information Do You Need to Apply? The next step to submitting a successful application would be to gather all necessary materials and information ahead of time. You'll need all of the following to complete an application: Your high school transcript and academic record- You'll need this to report courses and grades starting with your freshman year. Contact information- You will need to provide the names, emails, and phone numbers of your guidance counselor and principal. List of clubs and organizations- The application will ask you to provide a list of school and non-school related activities in which you've participated since your freshman year, along with any corresponding leadership positions. The application asks about the following specific domains: School activities: student council, class officer, academic/honor societies, school newspaper or literary magazine, school yearbook Performing arts: drama, theater, dance Speech, debate, or forensics Music: band, orchestra, vocal Visual arts Athletics Other: any school-related clubs, organizations, or intramurals List of honors and awards- You'll have to list any accolades you've received while participating in any clubs or organizations, and the level of each award (local, state, regional, or national) since your freshman year. List of volunteer activities- You'll be asked about all of your unpaid community service activities for each grade in high school. Be prepared to provide the number of hours you spent in each activity in addition to any honors or awards you received for your participation. List of paid work experiences- If you have an updated resume, you're already set! Be prepared to provide thenumber of weeks employed, average number of hours worked per week during the school year, and average number of hours worked during the summer for each job. Because this isn’t a need-based scholarship, you won’t have to worry about submitting any financial information. You also don’t need to worry about reporting any standardized test scores or asking for any letters of recommendation. How Do You Submit a Coca-Cola Scholarship Application? You have nothing to lose by submitting an application. Even if you're worried you won't receive an award because the scholarship is so competitive, think about how a few hours of your time could lead to a $20,000 scholarship. It's a no-brainer! The application window typicallyopens in early August andcloses in late October. This year's application period is from August 1, 2019, to October 31, 2019. Click through to find the appropriate link to the scholarship here. You can also check out a full sample application before submitting your own app. You'll have a lot more fun this upcoming Halloween if you submit your application in advance of the deadline. When Do You Find Out Whether You've Been Selected? There are several stages to the scholarship recipient selection process. First, about 2,000 semi-finalists will be selected by mid-November. If you make it to this stage, you'll likely be asked to submit additional scholarship materials by late December. A program committee then reviews semi-finalist applications in January to narrow it down to 250 regional finalists by the end of the month. Regional finalist interviews (over the phone or via Skype) take place in February. The scholarship winners are finally selected and notified after regional interviews. Scholarship recipients are invited to participate in a Scholars Weekend in Atlanta at the end of March or early April. How Can You Use the Scholarship Funds? If you win a Coca-Cola Scholars Scholarship,you can use it for any school-related expenses, including tuition, on-campus housing, books, fees, or even a computer. The scholarship is pretty flexible. You have between four and 10 years to use the full award amount and can choose to defer the award anytime within that 10-year time frame (like if you want to take a gap year or study abroad). Strategies: How to Increase Your Chances of Winning a Coca-Cola Scholars Scholarship According to the Coca-Cola Scholars program, scholarship recipients are strong leaders who are committed to "making a significant impact on their schools and communities." The most successful applications will embody the values that the Coca-Cola Scholars program prioritizes: leadership, service, and community commitment. Ultimately, scholarship awards are investments not only in a particular student but also in that student’s community. Scholarships will have the greatest impact when they’re awarded to students who are invested in â€Å"paying it forward,† or giving back to others. Corporate scholarships assume that the most successful students and professionals will demonstrate very strong leadership skills and academic potential. The following strategies will help you highlight the qualities that make you most attractive to the Coca-Cola Scholars Foundation. Want to build the best possible college application and financial aid package? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. If You're a Younger High School Student ... Demonstrate Academic Excellence You probably noticed earlier in this post that Coca-Cola scholarship winners tend to be going to some pretty great schools.Corporate scholarship programs like this one want to invest in students who show the most promise and potential. One way you can demonstrate your own potential is to earn exceptional grades- this will obviously serve you well when it comes to applying to colleges and other scholarship programs. In addition, take AP or advanced classes if they're offered. You'll be a more impressive applicant if your academic record shows a more rigorous course load.Unfortunately, the more challenging the courses, the more difficulty you may have in school. While this is OK (your grades don’t have to be perfect!), make sure to seek out extra help in weaker subject areas. Meet with your teachers or tutors to stay on top of your game. Develop Leadership Skills Leadership roles will help you stand out, in a good way. As with academic performance, leadership skills development indicates that you're likely to be successful as a student and as a professional. If you actively seek out leadership roles, this will demonstrate to the Coca-Cola Scholarship Program that you're proactive and take initiative. Commit to clubs, groups, or activities early on that align well with your interests and passions.It's generally better to be heavily invested in a few activities. If you make too many commitments, the caliber of your participation (and the opportunities for future leadership roles) will suffer. Focus on quality over quantity. Here's an example of what I mean: as a kid, I attended one particular camp every summer. It was something I really enjoyed, and it was great to go back year after year. When I aged out of the camp, I was given the opportunity to participate in the program as a camp counselor- I got to continue doing something I loved because I had shown that I was committed to it long-term, and I was "promoted" to a new and exciting leadership position. I likely wouldn't have gotten the position of camp counselor so easily if I hadn't already spent years at the camp. You can also demonstrate leadership and initiative in more creative ways. For example: Spend more time in your community service activities than is required of you. The scholarship evaluators will know if you need to volunteer a minimum number of hours to graduate, and they won't be impressed if you barely meet that minimum. Going above and beyond any required minimums demonstrates true initiative and a strong commitment to your community (qualities that will make you really stand out as an applicant). Actively seek out awards and honors, especially for your community service activities. You'll have to provide a list of accolades and honors for your scholarship application- if you're already dedicated to service, it's worth your time to seek out opportunities for acknowledgment. Check with your school guidance counselor or do a Google search for awards in your area. If You're Ready to Apply for the Coca-Cola Scholars Scholarship ... Keep Coca-Cola Scholars Values in Mind as You Fill Out Your Application Remember that successful applicants are students who not only excel academically but are also involved in their school communities. Through participation in classes and extracurriculars, scholarship winners show that they are passionate and service-oriented. Embrace the Lack of Essays Any application for which you don't have to write an essay must be an easy application, right? In reality, the Coca-Cola Scholarship application is trickier than most because it doesn't give you a chance to explain either your academic performance or your participation in extracurriculars. Essentially, you can’t talk about your passions, well-roundedness, intelligence, or commitment to service. The only thing you can do is show- through your grades and your participation in various activities- how you embody the qualities that the Coca-Cola Scholarship values in its award recipients. You'll notice on the sample application that questions about leadership roles come before any questions about your grades; clearly, they’re a very important part of the application. Unfortunately, there’s not much you can do to talk up your community commitments or leadership experiences if you don’t have a well-developed resume; the application is pretty cut and dry. What you can do is make sure that your resume is comprehensive. Make a list of every single activity, event, club, and organization you’ve ever been a part of and consider whether you could count it as some sort of leadership or community service experience. Scour your brain- don’t leave anything out! Remember that camp I was discussing earlier? Ididn’t think to consider it as volunteer work or community service- I had done it for years and considered it a privilege to work as a counselor. Luckily, someone less naive than me hinted that I should include it on my resume under "Volunteer Experience." Submit a Polished Finished Product Have someone you trust- a teacher or guidance counselor, for example- look over your application before you submit it to make sure it’s as polished as possible. Your reader might have suggestions on additional things you should include (or leave out). What's Next? On a mission to find other opportunities scholarship funding? You're in the right place! Check out our strategy guides to getting the Tylenol, Gates Millennium, Walmart, and McDonald's scholarships. Want to improve your application strength for this scholarship and for college? You can raise your GPA, take a rigorous course load, and improve your SAT/ACT score. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Albert Einstein's Philadelphia Experiment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Albert Einstein's Philadelphia Experiment - Essay Example The Philadelphia experiment was done on a Navy destroyer escort, the USS Eldridge, which was fitted with required equipment and generators, began in the summers of 1943 and was initially a success to a limited degree. First, the experiment was conducted using domestic Animals on a ship; the animals were placed in metal cages on the USS Eldridge, the ship became invisible but when it materialized many of the animals were missing and some had radiation and burn marks on them, for the first time humans were not be tested. Yet the next time the Experiment was performed with a full crew aboard reportedly underwent the Philadelphia Experiment. The men on board did not know what was happening; they were only told that they were going to be made invisible with the ship. For the second time Eldridge being rendered almost completely invisible, with some eyewitnesses reporting a greenish fog; however, crew members complained of serious nausea afterward. At that time the experiment was altered b y the Navy, with the new goal being invisible to radar only. Equipments used were not recalibrated, and the Experiment was performed again with a new crew member and few scientists. This time, Eldridge not only actually became almost entirely invisible to the naked eye but actually vanished from the area entirely. Concurrent with the phenomenon, the U.S Naval base at Norfolk, Virginia, just over 375 miles away, reported sighting the Eldridge vanished again and reappeared in the Philadelphia, not only it was vanished and moved miles away but it was also years away. The effect of this experiment on the crew members was profound and almost all of the crew members were violently ill. Some suffered from mental illness because of the experience; behavior conforming to schizophrenia is described in some accounts. Some of the members were missing supposedly vanished and some were actually fused to the mental bulkhead. Some of the Survivors of the experiment said that they were horrified by the experiment and tried to jump out of the ship and went through a time travel, they were in the year 1983 and they met the scientist who was with them on the ship, they were very much scared and were asked to shut down the Machine on the ship and when they returned to the ship they switched off the machine, but it was too late. Some of the other sailor also went through time travel, they found themselves in a

How should one understand the classical structure of marriage, Essay

How should one understand the classical structure of marriage, divorce, and the main differences of marriage, divorce in the islamic schools like sunni and shi'a - Essay Example Marriage was very important and both partners were subjected to rules that would help keep the marriage peaceful. Marriage was very important and could not be dissolved easily. In most ancient societies, family members and those concerned would mediate on issues before initiating a divorce. In some cultures, the women had to get permission before divorcing. Some of the reasons for initiating a divorce in the classical times would be infidelity, political interests, and loss of wealth and lack of sex. Marriage had a strong and deep meaning. It involved families and not just the individuals getting into the union. Islamic schools like Sunni and Shi’a view marriage as a sacred institution that should be protected. Marriage was taken as a means to protect people from acts of indecency like adultery (Rapport, 30). Marriage is expected to provide protection, children, status and sexual satisfaction. In these laws, divorce would be initiated by the man or the woman. However, it is important to note that it is very difficult for a woman to be granted a divorce request. The couples would be given time to settle their differences before the divorce is finalized. Family members and relatives would be allowed to settle the matter before the divorce is finalized. It is essential to note the Shi’a are stricter on divorce than the Sunni. In some cases, the Sunni can allow a divorce without passing through the waiting period. This is not acceptable to the Shi’a. This implies that marriage holds a much stronger sacred meaning among the Shi’a. In conclusion, the understanding of marriage in Islam and classical times is similar in many ways. In both cases, marriage is a source of sexual satisfaction, protection and children. The importance of marriage is emphasized in Islam and in the classical cultures. In both cases, divorce is not easily granted except in civilized cultures like

Heritage Tourism in Cities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Heritage Tourism in Cities - Essay Example However, every heritage contains real, underlying or symbolic importance that plays a critical role in terming its perception in society. This paper examines dark tourism, focusing on marketing and interpretation of House of Terror Museum in Hungary, a traumatic site as touring sites in the contemporary society. Smith and Robinson (2006, p105) defined heritage tourism as â€Å"leisure expeditions with the major objective of touring historic, natural, recreational and scenic sceneries to learn more about the past†. Dark tourism is one component of heritage tourism and it involves â€Å"visiting places associated with death, suffering and tragedy† (Cooper, et al 2008, p49). Heritage tourism is founded on the motivations and perceptions of the consumers or tourists rather than the particular characteristics that define the destination. According to Smith and Robinson (2006), the major motivation for touring heritage sites is the uniqueness of the tourism destination in rel ation to the tourists’ awareness or perception of their own heritage. Heritage tourism to a site with dark history evokes various emotions such as nostalgia, idealism, and a feeling of belonging in the time and space (Foley and Lennon1996). Stone (2006) argues that heritage tourism is both unique and universal, because it presents a heritage for all people at a given time. Although each site has its unique characteristic, dark tourism sites present a universal message to all persons, from the message of pain to suffering and anger among other feelings that characterize human beings. Heritage sites include various inherited localities such as historic buildings, artwork and scenic areas among others. A tourist travels to the heritage site with an objective of seeing the historical artefacts. These artefacts usually form an important connection between the cultural background of tourist and his or her history or past. However, the particular historical site or artefact elicits different emotions and reactions from various people. Holloway (2004) argues that it could elicit emotional encounter and make the individual feel closely connected with ancestors and the historical event, which makes the experience more than just a learning experience. Manino (1997) argues that dark tourism is a mysterious combination of heritage, history and tragedy. It evokes discussions of the past, present and future morals and ethics surrounding death of mankind. Some of the most popular sites for dark tourism include conflict sites and death camps which figuratively or literary embrace the memory of human suffering and violence that took place in a particular historical period (Manino 1997). Disastrous events such as the collapse of the world trade centre continue to elicit attention and curiosity from different people across the world. Similarly, scenes of accidents and large-scale loss of human lives usually become spontaneous attractions, where people gather to pay their r espects or just to witness and experience the terrifying aftermath. The uncharacteristic connection between leisure and pleasure in dark tourism has been a matter of moral and ethical discussion in the hospitality industry especially when it comes to marketing and promotion of the sites. Some heritage tourism critics contend that tourism is an immoral and inappropriate practice for presenting disturbing events of human history, such as death and tragedies and other forms of suffering. According to MacCannell (1989: p73),

Personal Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Personal Change - Essay Example Personal leadership principles for rest of the life would entail honest working, humble approach, dedication and devotion, and fair dealings without any compromise on the matter and subject of leadership and the given task at hand. What personal growth and insight have u developed for yourself by attending this class? How are they meaningful? The class experience allowed for better understanding of the concept of leadership. The various tests, the handling of the unforeseen situations. The class environment allowed me to work on the areas where I lacked behind, and explore the new dimensions such as that of the authentic leadership. Further growth was seen in form of comprehending the situation and foreseeing the future and creating a strategy adaptive to the circumstances. The leadership tasks and programs allowed for clear expression of ideas, and potential contained inside and enabled personality development with regard to the leadership and individual Your experience as a leader. Example from class or elsewhere. My experience of leadership constitutes both in the class environment as well as the life outside it. ... The class leadership allowed me to know how to take along the group members, how to keep them together in a coherent manner and make the best use of their resources and abilities. The early life orientation towards a more societal sphere of life and activities enabled me understanding the concept of leadership since each individual has to be a leader in his own life. Various other daily routine activities and handling of small events and issues serve as example of leadership which speaks of the will, skill ability and determination towards becoming an effective leader and helping the overall project at hand. What changes did u initiate in yourself and what was the effect of your leadership on the outcome? Leadership is a continuously learning and improving process. My journey was no different and I had to make certain changes and adjustments with time. This included overcoming the short comings, reflecting on what I had done in recent pasts and then compared those activities with the desired outputs and through reflections made an effort to perform better in the nearly same endeavors in the future. Various activities in the class provided an opportunity to reflect on various areas. The meditation process was one of them, and the subsequent group discussion. Introducing the feedback concept and making it part of the overall leadership process made the task easier and effective. I re crafted my skills and the working mechanism with aim of further improvement and affectivity focusing on better results from the undertaken activity. How did u impact the team (positively or negatively)? My impact on the team was a positive one, since I incorporated the authentic leadership style and pattern and also made use of the adaptive techniques of management and

Reading analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Reading analysis - Essay Example Born in 1855, she would become one of the influential artists in the in the 20th century and the end of the 19th century (Stephen, Mcnamara, & Goad, 2006:66). In the beginning of the 20th century she moved to London. In the years that followed she visited France, Germany and Spain. At the age of forty eight she began writing anecdotes concerning modern art. In one of these anecdotes, she described how her mother discovered her talent at the age of twelve. At such a tender age, she exhibited her ability to depict objects in a way that resembles the actual object. This depicted her interest in surrealism, an attitude that she nurtured for the first after discovering her talent (Dixon, & Kelly, 2008:56). In a bid to nurture the young girl’s talent, the mother opted to enroll her in the traditional art school that offered her with training on how to use different art elements in promoting different artistic principles (Stephen, Mcnamara, & Goad, 2006:67). All through this period, it became evident that she depicted different objects in the indigenous nature, while making her a realist. She settled for Munich, but met the disappointment after encountering realists who had stopped active depiction of the realism ideals alongside ardent modernists. At this point of her career life, she valued realism and disregarded modernism. Although she refuted most of the modernist ideals of the time at first, the first six months were enough for her to identify aspects that she found compelling in German art (Dixon, & Kelly, 2008:56). The numerous art exhibitions organized in Germany served as the most critical motivation for her to begin to appreciate the artistic ideals of the modernists. After relocating to Paris later, she encountered the triumphant nature of realism. Apparently, there were many realists in Paris, who had not abandoned their ideals to form part of the modernists (Stephen, Mcnamara, & Goad, 2006:68). Summary of ‘Preston at Home’ Modernism a nd Neo-colonial Periphery Margaret Preston implemented precise artistic approaches to establish the importance of different characters in the society. During that time, Emily Carr and Irma Stern followed suit in providing artistic representations to emphasize on the theories of nature before and after the colonial period, and the events emanating from such transitions (Butler, 2005:201). Arguably, the three female artists established on the event of maturation to civilization in their specific societal settings. They successfully criticized the processes of colonization in relation to modernity and decried on the social inequities in their societies. Further, the artists observed freedom and equality as essential and emphasized on the ideology of emancipation from the antisocial practices of modernity through their artistic presentations. Their pictures reflected on the application of modern primitivitism through the reflection of past artistic practices, the foregoing cultural beli efs and norms. The practices affected the society as the artist reflected on the past colonial practices, but established little reflection of the diverse cultural practices in the human societies despite the fact that their representations established cross-border practices (Butler, 2005:202). Seemingly, the artists did not establish any adventurous outcomes

Potential Costs of Adopting a Free Trade Regime Research Paper

Potential Costs of Adopting a Free Trade Regime - Research Paper Example Having a free trade regime requires more products to be created thus more waste gets ejected into the environment (Scott, 2003). Therefore, the environment would be heavily destroyed countries that manufacture goods for export than those that import. Workers in major importing countries would also pay heavily for their jobs (Scott, 2003). This is because; countries that import more have higher labor and production costs. These costs need to be cut, and thanks to a free market, their jobs would be moved to countries that have lower production and labor costs. The transfer of jobs to lower cost countries would lead to mass displacement of people (Jie, n.d., para. 2). This would be in order to create more space for manufacturing industries. Agricultural activities would be affected, as farmers’ land would be alienated. The government should intervene as all these issues affect its subjects. They should do so by regulating the disposal of waste and ensure job security. In addition , they should seek alternative means that lead to reduced production costs. As a result, jobs for many workers would be secured, and the cost of living will not be elevated. In conclusion, free trade regimes usually open borders for free trade, which bring the positive impact. However, the price to pay for this is really high, and; therefore, governments should intervene.

Reading analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Reading analysis - Essay Example Born in 1855, she would become one of the influential artists in the in the 20th century and the end of the 19th century (Stephen, Mcnamara, & Goad, 2006:66). In the beginning of the 20th century she moved to London. In the years that followed she visited France, Germany and Spain. At the age of forty eight she began writing anecdotes concerning modern art. In one of these anecdotes, she described how her mother discovered her talent at the age of twelve. At such a tender age, she exhibited her ability to depict objects in a way that resembles the actual object. This depicted her interest in surrealism, an attitude that she nurtured for the first after discovering her talent (Dixon, & Kelly, 2008:56). In a bid to nurture the young girl’s talent, the mother opted to enroll her in the traditional art school that offered her with training on how to use different art elements in promoting different artistic principles (Stephen, Mcnamara, & Goad, 2006:67). All through this period, it became evident that she depicted different objects in the indigenous nature, while making her a realist. She settled for Munich, but met the disappointment after encountering realists who had stopped active depiction of the realism ideals alongside ardent modernists. At this point of her career life, she valued realism and disregarded modernism. Although she refuted most of the modernist ideals of the time at first, the first six months were enough for her to identify aspects that she found compelling in German art (Dixon, & Kelly, 2008:56). The numerous art exhibitions organized in Germany served as the most critical motivation for her to begin to appreciate the artistic ideals of the modernists. After relocating to Paris later, she encountered the triumphant nature of realism. Apparently, there were many realists in Paris, who had not abandoned their ideals to form part of the modernists (Stephen, Mcnamara, & Goad, 2006:68). Summary of ‘Preston at Home’ Modernism a nd Neo-colonial Periphery Margaret Preston implemented precise artistic approaches to establish the importance of different characters in the society. During that time, Emily Carr and Irma Stern followed suit in providing artistic representations to emphasize on the theories of nature before and after the colonial period, and the events emanating from such transitions (Butler, 2005:201). Arguably, the three female artists established on the event of maturation to civilization in their specific societal settings. They successfully criticized the processes of colonization in relation to modernity and decried on the social inequities in their societies. Further, the artists observed freedom and equality as essential and emphasized on the ideology of emancipation from the antisocial practices of modernity through their artistic presentations. Their pictures reflected on the application of modern primitivitism through the reflection of past artistic practices, the foregoing cultural beli efs and norms. The practices affected the society as the artist reflected on the past colonial practices, but established little reflection of the diverse cultural practices in the human societies despite the fact that their representations established cross-border practices (Butler, 2005:202). Seemingly, the artists did not establish any adventurous outcomes

Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Movie Review Example merican politics appears to be largely stage managed by the affluent sections of the society, in the climax it portrays a healthy picture of the American politics, where the leaders listen to the voice of their conscience and were the values like honesty, fairness, family bonding and justice manage to thrive over selfishness and untruth. 3. The lesson that this movie tends to convey is that essentially the American politics is value driven. The mechanics and the framework of the American politics and the public expectations are such that they tend to push back the fake and the selfish. Though at a superficial level, many a time it may seem that the privileged sections of the society have a greater say in the political setup, eventually it is the strong undercurrent of integrity and uprightness that always has a final say. 1. Thank You for Smoking, a 2005 film directed by Jason Rietman, is essentially about the exploits of a smooth and smart tobacco lobbyist Nick Naylor who uses his public speaking skills to win support in the favor of smoking. The film depicts the ploys and schemes resorted to by Nick Naylor and his like minded friends to mould and influence the public and political opinion in favor of the causes that happen to be basically harmful to the public health. 2. The view of the American politics as presented in Thank You for Smoking is quiet negative and disturbing. In Thank You for Smoking the American politics comes out as a political system that is vulnerable to being managed and influenced by the people who are influential, powerful and deft public opinion managers. The American public is shown as an unsuspecting victim to the schemes of people who are not averse to lying and using faulty logic. 3. While State of the Union ends in the victory of the essential American values like honesty, integrity and justice, Thank You for Smoking tends to project the victory of the powerful and the unscrupulous over the desired political values and

Hamlets downfall stems from his inability to revenge Essay Example for Free

Hamlets downfall stems from his inability to revenge Essay Hamlets downfall stems from his inability to revenge. How is this fore grounded in the early parts of the play, breaking from the traditional conventions of an Elizabethan revenge tragedy? It can be said that Hamlets procrastination and inability to act result in his eventual demise. Shakespeare forewarns the audience of Hamlets flaws throughout the play, in his soliloquies and also through the exploration of the Elizabethan revenge tragedy. During the Elizabethan period, it was commonplace to write within the genre of the revenge tragedy. This particular genre was extremely popular with the public due to the themes it embodied. Namely restoring order through punishing vice and gaining personal retribution. Other features often included treason, incest and the appearance of a ghost. Hamlets belief in the occult and fear of damnation embodies the feelings of people at the time, The spirit I have seen may be a devil, and the devil hath power to assume a pleasing shape perhaps out of my weakness and my melancholy abuses me to damn me. Hamlet is unusual in that it is set in Denmark, a protestant country. When examining vice and human failings, Shakespeare and other writers often set their plays in catholic countries. The reason for this being that the examination of vice in Hamlet would not appear to be critical of the English court and also his ethical dilemmas would strike more of a chord with his audience. One such issue that is thought about by many people is suicide. Hamlets early mention of this prepares the reader for his eventual downfall. At the beginning of the play Hamlet expresses his wishes to die Oh that this too too solid flesh would thaw, and resolve itself into a dew. The use of solid simply expresses his wish to just melt and disappear into nothingness. Some texts however, replace solid with sullied, giving the quotation a slightly more interesting meaning, perhaps referring to the incest occurring between his mother and his uncle, a subject on which he must not make his opinions known. It also implies that he is also talking of the corruption in his own flesh. Some interpretations of the play suggest that Hamlet has a possible Oedipus complex (sexual obsession with his mother); this is further highlighted in his later comments about incestuous sheets, although this probably just refers to his mothers relationship with his uncle. Incest was a popular vice in the Jacobean genre, as it is regarded to be a mortal sin, specifically when involving a mother and her son. It is clear however that Hamlet does wish to kill himself, although he realises that God is against suicide as it is also a mortal sin, That the everlasting had not fixd his cannon gainst self slaughter. His religious beliefs also conflict with his need to revenge as the church also teaches that revenge is wrong under all circumstances. This conflicts with the Elizabethan revenge tragedy, which usually address the dynamics rather than the moral side of revenge. Hamlets role changes throughout the play; in the opening act, Hamlet plays the malcontent. He is still in mourning for the death of his father, almost a juxtaposition to the celebration around him due to his mothers wedding. The burden of revenge and the corruption around him leads to his supposed madness, brought on by his inability to cope with the pressure, he comments earlier in the play that he is no Hercules. It is likely that Hamlet uses the disguise of madness to speak the truth, as it excuses him from the consequences of what he says. An example of this is Hamlet talking to Polonius about his mistreatment of his daughter, You are a fishmonger [pimp], as Polonius uses his daughter to get to Hamlet. Hamlet does not wish to be used in this way by the ghost, who may be an evil spirit, and so damn his soul, the main reason perhaps for his procrastination. Shakespeare uses soliloquies to share Hamlets innermost thoughts with the audience, who sympathise with his various predicaments. These speeches establish Hamlets is more of a scholar than a man of action like his father; he realises this and admits that he is no Hercules. Without the encouragement of the ghost to revenge it is doubtful that Hamlet would have ever killed Claudius. He has sworn to suffer stoically, and hold his tongue. Even when he is sure that the ghost speaks truth, he will not kill the king while he prays for fear that Claudius will escape hell, a villain kills my father; and for that, I, his sole son, do this same villain send to heaven. In this sense Hamlet is very much an opposite of Laertes, who wishes to revenge his fathers death. Unlike Hamlet, he is not afraid of being damned for the act of revenge I dare damnation. Laertes is more of a traditional Jacobean revenger as he uses the stereotypical images and words of the hero to cut his throat I th church, and is an obvious opposite to Hamlet. It is ironic that Hamlet is incapable of acting on his filial obligation of his fathers most foul and unnatural murder when he would rid Denmark of corruption by doing so, but Laertes is prepared to revenge the murder of his corrupt father. It is debatable whether it is Hamlets procrastination that leads to his eventual death, as at the beginning of the play he threatens Horatio with his sword unhand me gentlemen, by heaven Ill make a ghost of him that lets me! It could be suggested that Hamlets eventual death is due to his disobedience of the ghosts orders, taint not thy mind, an almost impossible order as Hamlet is exposed to corruption firstly from his uncle, Claudius, the instigator of corruption, also through the accidental murder of Polonius, his doomed relationship with Ophelia and his immoral thoughts of his mother, Hamlet gradually becomes corrupted. Calderwood comments, Hamlets solution for the moment is to take refuge in the cleft between action and inaction. He does not act but instead plays mad, which cuts his behaviour off from the world of pragmatic affairs in which action and inaction have no meaning. Hamlet, after Claudius death would have become king, but through revenging he becomes part of the problem It is a massy wheel. to whose huge spokes ten thousand lesser things are mortisd.. When it falls, each petty consequence, attends the boistrous ruin. Hamlets death provides a fresh start for Denmark. He may not have perhaps made a balanced king, especially due to his outbursts of madness, thus he would be unbeneficial to the kingdom. This is expressed in the play when Rosencrantz says: The cease of majesty dies not alone, but like a gulf doth draw whats near it with it. It is perhaps due to this reason that Hamlet must die, in order to fully restore order in Denmark. The breaking of the traditional revenge tragedy makes Hamlet so much more appealing to its readers, as it is not confined to the question of how to revenge. It answers questions to which everyone is prone to debate (do we take arms against our problems or suffer stoically? ), hence its popularity. Shakespeare alerts us to Hamlets various failings through soliloquies with the audience in which we hear his innermost thoughts. Hamlets eventual death is due to a combination of emotional stress an inability to act, and his desire to always do the right thing, causing him to slip into a world where he doesnt have to act, but also to wastes valuable time. Hamlet is tainted by the corrupt, a reason in the end for why he must die.

Business Level Strategy In The Market Commerce Essay

Business Level Strategy In The Market Commerce Essay Business level strategy concentrates on developing a firm specific model that will allow the firm to gain competitive advantage over its rivals in the industry such as in which it operates. Business strategy would focus on improving its competitive position of a companys or business units products within the specific industry or market segment that the company and/ or its business units serve. The question explored in business level strategy is: How a company can best be competed in the industry that they are in? For an example Honda motors, Japan has a domestic market for its products and also it operates internationally. Thus business strategy should be crafted focussing on the ways of how it out beat the domestic competitors who operates both in the domestic market and as well as the in the international market like Mazda, Mitsubishi, Daihatsu, Suzuki, Toyota and Nissan and competitors in the international market like General motors, Chrysler, Ford Motors etc. In formulating business level strategies, firm should consider how best it can compete in each of the industries it operates in. Thus business level strategies require crafting the strategy and positioning the firm in each of its business. For an example Honda should formulate a separate business strategy for its motor cycle production section that attempts to add build competitive advantage over rival, motorcycle manufacturers. And there should be another business level strategy for its auto mobile manufacturing division that addresses the ways and means of competing against rival automobile manufacturers and a separate strategy for power products (engines, portable generators, lawnmowers, outbound motors) manufacturing division that attempts to build competitive advantage over power product manufacturers in the industry. Corporate Level Strategy Corporate strategy is to a firms survival and success and it is largely about the choice of the direction for the firm as a whole. I.e. Corporate level strategy describes companys overall direction in terms of its general attitude towards growth and the management of its various business and product lines. Corporate strategy is concerned with two key questions, What business should the company be in to maximize the long term profitability of the organisation? What strategies should it use to enter into and exist from the business area? This is true whether the firm is a small, one product company or a large multi national corporation. Corporate strategy in a multinational company is all about managing various product lines and business units for maximum value. In this instance, corporate head quarters must play the role of the organisational Parent in that it must deal with various products and business unit Children. Even though each product line or business unit has its own competitive or corporative strategy that it uses to obtain its competitive advantage in the market place, the corporation must coordinate these different business strategies in order to be succeeded. For an example Honda Motors, even though there are various competitive or corporative business strategies at various business unit levels, it is the top management that decides the overall direction and goals for the entire organisation. i.e. even though there are several business segments as motor cycle manufacturing, auto mobile manufacturing and power product manufacturing and different competitive or corporative strategies adopted by each of these segments at business level, corporate level strategy for each of these segments all the same. Critically evaluate the process of reconciling dichotomies at Honda Motors with reference to the product-related core competencies versus process -related core capabilities dichotomy. Hondas underlying innovative strategic management process is described as reconciling dichotomies There can be seen number of dichotomies that encompasses management thinking and pass through all the functions and as well as aspects such as buyer supplier relations (e.g. Vertical integration and market relations), work organisation, (efficient and humane), product development processes (simultaneous and sequential development), business strategy (cost and differentiation) etc. These are concerned as paradoxes that should be solved implicitly by the west where as Hondas way of thinking is very different. A dichotomy reconciliation approach exemplifies both the philosophy behind the actual product design and the mental process of technology research. When considering about the product related core competencies in Honda, its adherence to the principle of build in quality has brings forth the competitive advantage to Honda. The build-in quality principle focuses on ensuring the effectiveness of the performance outcome of sub transformation activities. The measure of effectiveness is customer defined standards of performance that can be achieved by breaking down the total standard of performance measures as expected by the customers to number of sub activities where value adding can be realized at every stage of the process in a way that it gives a bigger accrued value by the time of operations process reaches its end. This leads to a reduction in costs and as well as exceed expectations of the customers. In that sense build in quality principle highly emphasis regarding product related capabilities which are measured by the customers eventually. The advance internal combustion engines which power the entire range of Honda products is being regarded as a core competency, which is also a successful reconciliation of dichotomies, deliver direct and immediate competitive advantage for Honda. The right-the-first principle constitute that the result of any process should be free of errors. An error occurred in a particular task necessitate re-working on it before it passed on to next stage of the production process, which may resulted in delaying the entire production process and as well as increasing the operational costs, costs of lost opportunities of sales earned from customers who prefer not to wait and switch to other brands. As such right- the- first principle adopted by Honda, will enhance its operational efficiency by not wasting time and other resources by increasing productivity. More over its introduction of Just In Time production and logistic system leads to more accurate inventory control that save cost further. It can be pointed out as a dichotomy reconciliation that permits both product variety and productive efficiency. Western flawed assumption of management thinking was that the right-first time and the build-in quality is only a dichotomy that takes places only if a substitution of getting the benefits from one at the disbursement of the other is assumed as it is viewed only from a manufacturers perspective, which has to be at least concentrated from a dual perspective, the manufacturer and the customer. If it should be considered from a multiple perspective, taking all partners in the supply chain in to account. Doing things right the first time is a cost savings approach as it helps to eliminate waste and reduce the necessity of reworking. Lower operating costs can transform into higher margins, which will be helpful in attracting customers by offering them the products at a reasonable price and it too will avoid customers from switching to rival brands. Customers not judged a product by concerning only on its quality, but its entire combination that brings forth the benefits and there fore value to them. Thus the features and attributes like delivery time and cost of purchase and ownership are too considered up on. Quality is there fore both process and product dependent. For an example the value of high product quality because of its superior features, characteristics and attributes can be ignored by slow delivery times if things are not done right the first time. Through its wide array of management strategies Honda has shown that the notice of right- first time and build- in quality is not different in nature and does not exist in isolation but are rather similar and complementary processes if the pull strategy is adopted placing customers ahead of else. Question Two: Global Mergers and Acquisitions (MA) Too much Debt and Risk of Bankruptcy Mergers and acquisitions have been the focus of corporate strategies over the last few decades, with an increasing number of mergers across the globe, especially in the automobile industry. A merger or acquisition is a combination of two companies where one corporation is completely absorbed by another corporation. The less important company loses its identity and becomes part of the more important corporation, which retains its identity. Mergers and acquisitions can occur for number of reasons. One such is to overcome too much debt or to avoid bankruptcy situations. Supplier bankruptcies make up the first wave of restructuring and the rate of bankruptcy fillings will continue to accelerate in the near term. As credit becomes more widely available and companies are able to safe and sound liquidity, there will be a wave of Mergers and acquisitions. If a particular company is undergoing enormous debts and finds it difficult to beat competition or even to survive in the industry, management may make a decision to go for a divesture. As a result company may sell out to another corporation or may go for a merger. If a company is suffering from a bankruptcy situation, perhaps it may come to a decision to move for a sell out strategy. Financially viable competitors in the same industry may interested in merging with or acquiring another corporation in the same industry even with huge debts or under a bankruptcy state if there is any potential advantage of merging or acquiring is witnessed. Some times it may be because of the companys ability to produce goods efficiently if they combined their efforts and facilities. These efficiency gains may come simply by virtue of the size of the combined company; it may be cheaper to produce goods on a large scale. Collaborating or sharing expertise may achieve gains in efficiency, or a company might have underutilize assets that the other company can better use or else because of the technology or the brand image or any other unique attribute available to the bankrupt company. Through such merger or an acquisition, the company which suffered from financial difficulties will lessen its burden as it has the ability to overcome its debts as the change in the management may make the company more profitable Potential Product Synergies Automotive mergers and acquisitions act as means of increasing market share, improving reach attaining economies of scale and augmenting product ranges. Automotive mergers are turning into a strategic option for companies looking to accelerate growth. Through mergers or acquisitions companies intended to maximize synergies through their complementary strengths in product line-up, procurement, RD, marketing and personal training which would result in cost reductions, greater global market penetration and other benefits through corporation. As a result of a merger or an acquisition a corporation would get the access to up to the minute technology, a worldwide network and advanced managerial expertise. In addition substantial cost savings have been achieved through a common purchasing strategy and by setting up a common supplier base. Common platforms will be developed to reduce time for new product introduction. Achieving of synergies is the ideal sought in corporate mergers and acquisitions. Synergy refers to an increase in the level of performance of a combined enterprise that will exceed the previous individual performance when it was operated separately. For an example managerial economies such as the increased opportunity of managerial specialisation, technical economies such as technical know how, purchasing economies due to increased order size and associated bulk buying discounts. In automobile industry there are several synergies that can be achieved through mergers and acquisitions. For an example in 1990 Honda entered in to an agreement with Rover under which Honda acquired minority shareholding in Rover in order to begin European production of Honda Accord. And also once Honda rewind its formal relationships had with Rover, BMW acquired Rover Company from its parent company with the expectation of expanding its capacity from 600,000 to 800,000 by 1999 with 150,000 of these vehicles exported. Access to New Technologies and Emerging Markets Mergers and acquisitions bring forth several technology and platform sharing agreements, enabling companies to reduce product development time and costs. Further it will be helpful in stepping in to new markets Through mergers and acquisitions corporations will be able to obtain technology economies. I.e. Mergers and acquisitions will result in enhancing the level of technology sharing and utilisation than earlier. As such in automobile industry there can be seen major acquisitions or mergers. For an example in 1979 Honda Motor company signed technical collaboration with British Leyland (Now Rover Group), covering British Leyland production of Triumph Acclaim cars in the United Kingdom. It was a step taken to enter in to the European market and also to obtain the technology of Rover Group. As mentioned earlier, mergers and acquisitions can be seen as a way of entering into strange, emerging markets. Some countries in the emerging markets such as India, China, and Thailand are growing at a spectacular rate. Thus this amazing growth rates are attracting global automotive majors to these markets in increasing numbers. Companies are resorting to acquisitions or mergers to gain foothold in these markets due to certain cultural reasons or to accommodate differences in two cultures. Question Three: Corporate Social responsibilities Competitiveness Using information from relevant literature on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and appropriate examples from global automotive makers and suppliers; explain the impact of CSR on organisational performance in both financial and non-financial areas Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has permeated management practice and theory up to a point where CSR can be referred to as the latest management fad (Guthey, Langer Morsing, 2006). However, so far CSR integration in to business processes has been very uneven. (Hockerts, 2008) CSR is also known as Corporate Citizenship, Responsible Business, Sustainable Responsible Business (SRB), or Corporate Social Performance. The concept of social responsibility proposes that a private corporation has responsibilities to society and also to the environment that extended beyond making a profit. It is a form of corporate self regulation integrated in to a business model that functions as a built-in, self-regulating mechanism whereby business would monitor and ensure its support to law, ethical standards, and international norms. Further more, CSR focused business would proactively uphold the public interest by heartening community growth and development, and voluntarily eliminating practices that harm the public sphere, regardless of legality. Essentially, CSR is the deliberate inclusion of public interest in to corporate decision making and the honouring of a triple bottom line; People, Planet, Profit. Where as People and Planet in the triple bottom line concept represents the non financial aspects that a firm should concentrates on when carrying out its business in addition to the financial aspect of making profits. The automobile industry at present faces challenges that extend beyond the framework of automotive technology, such as the prevention of global warming by committing to zero emissions as part of a concentrated effort toward issues concerning the global environment, eradication of wasted resources and environmental degradation through mass production, sales and disposal and the realization of fail safe transportation system. It is necessary for an organization, specially an automobile maker to be focused on preventing environmental destruction and damage when establishing its plants and as well as carrying out its manufacturing activities. A new evolution is required, where lean production can be implemented beyond the sphere of technological innovation to contribute to reforming distribution, logistics, recycling and as well as social systems. As such consumers expect automotive corporations to take an active role in the economic and social development of their country. Consumers across the world are very likely to accept or reject a corporation based on its reputation for social and environmental responsibility. CSR surveys indicate that consumers are more likely to purchase a product or a service from a corporation with responsible business practices and they would refrain from purchasing a product or service if the corporation failed to follow environmentally friendly or ethical business practices. Among the global automotive corporations BMW, Honda, Toyota and Volvo trucks ranked highest for corporate social responsibility. BMW rated highest in the Spain and as well as in Italy; Honda for United States, United Kingdom and Indonesia, Toyota for Japan, Korea and Thailand and Volvo trucks for Sweden and Netherlands. Remy Pothet, Global Director TNS Automotive, comments that Large corporations are increasingly aware that their social responsibility directly affects their image and brand equity and consequently, their business success. As such heavy investments in CSR can be seen in the markets where they are focusing on expansion. The result of our study highlights the publics growing interest in the field of CSR, and makes a direct link between this and their purchasing behaviour. Bonsi concludes, The general public is a very important stake holder for the automotive industry as a corporations reputation is often judged in the court of public opinion. Corporations that fail to engage society often suffer serious consequences when there is a crisis. However corporations that develop a strong public goodwill can use it as a social insurance to tide them over during difficult periods. The CSR champions identified by this study are already seeing the value in their investment; now other companies need to take notice. b) Compare and Contrast Japanese and Western strategic leadership models by reference to table 5 in the Honda case study. Explain which of the two models you prefer, and why? According to the management literature, there is a grand distinction between the western management style and Japanese management style in terms of overall description work processes, production organisation and logistic management techniques, organisation and labour relations etc. When concerning about the overall description western management model, Ford system of mass production which leads to standardisation and mass marketing is the fundamental paradigm for production systems in western countries that pays high attention on large lot , just in case production. Where as Japanese developed a different production system called Japanese production system or Just In Time (JIT), which is a flexible manufacturing system. A further development of this is also known as lean manufacturing. They adhered to the Pull strategy of marketing their products as oppose to the Push strategy of marketing adopted by the western countries. The significance of the Japanese manufacturing is it identified the ill effects of mass production with high volume of manufacturing that focuses sole attention towards economy of scale rather than cost reduction through elimination of wasted resources through streamlined production. JIT production and synchronized manufacturing that manufactured what, when, and how much was necessary and eliminated wasteful processes and stock. This was resulted in ending up of cycle of stockpiles and dissolved the rigidity of production where only existing products continued to be manufactured with existing technology. When concentrating the peculiarities between western and Japanese work processes, most of the western work processes were builds upon taylorism theory which emphasis the necessity of breaking down of every action, job or task in to small and simple segments that can be easily analyzed and taught. Accordingly western employees are deemed to be Do workers and most of them are unskilled thus they are expected to be performed in a way they thought, and merely the jobs or tasks assigned to them. But Japanese employees are deemed to be Think workers where they are expected to be innovative, polyvalent and flexible rather than merely executing an assigned job or a task. As such Japanese management model is more appropriate and suitable to todays complex business context due to above mentioned grounds. Conclusion First and fore mostly the report discussed about the business level strategy and the corporate level strategy in the global business context. It was compared and contrasted the business level strategies and the corporate strategies in the global automobile industry. Then it evaluated the process of reconciling dichotomies at Honda Motors with reference to the product-related core competencies versus process -related core capabilities dichotomy. Secondly it evaluated critically the impact of certain factors such as too much debt and risk of bankruptcy, potential product synergies, access to new technologies and emerging markets on Mergers and Acquisitions (MA) in the global automobile industry, using appropriate illustrations from the global automotive industry. In current business context Corporate Social Responsibility bears an important place. As such latter part of this report focuses on the corporate social responsibility and the competitiveness, using information from relevant literature on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and appropriate examples from global automotive makers and suppliers. Further it discussed the impact of CSR on organisational performance in both financial and non-financial areas. Finally it was compared and contrasted the Japanese and Western strategic leadership models and suggested the Japanese strategic leadership model as the most appropriate model owing to the unique features and strengths identified in it with compared to Western strategic leadership model.

Franklin Roosevelts New Deal Essays -- American History

It was called "relief." Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal provided relief to millions of Americans who had lost their homes, their jobs, and their hope. Many others felt that the radical new policies of FDR threatened the sanctity of the Constitution and free enterprise. Roosevelt's New Deal policies had many critics but among the most vocal were groups like the American Liberty League and powerful Socialists who argued that the New Deal policies either went too far or not far enough in solving the problems that faced the nation. Roosevelt's critics came from both ends of the political spectrum. The American Liberty League was an opposing group made up of conservative businessmen and corporate leaders. Believing that the free enterprise system was being attacked, they accused Roosevelt of trying to install a dictatorship in place of the federal government. In an excerpt from a 1935 article in Fortune magazine, the Roosevelt Administration is thought to be a government of men and not laws. The author compares Roosevelt to a dictator and calls his theory of federal administration "menacing and dangerous". Another political cartoon printed in the June 1936 issue of Current History, ridicules the Liberty League as being alarmist in accusing Roosevelt of bringing communism into the country. Herbert Hoover, a former president, agreed with the conservative ideas of this group. He disagreed with New Deal Legislation such as the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) or the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA). The basic idea of these New Deal programs was to lower the supply of goods to the current, depressed level of consumption. Under the AAA, the government sought to raise farm prices by paying farmers not to grow surplus crops. Other ... ...ved that Roosevelt did not care about ending poverty, but instead was more concerned about the fortunes of his wealthy associates. Known as being the most dramatic and innovative movement in modern history, the New Deal helped Americans find a new sense of hope for the future that was once thought to be forever lost. Although the New Deal didn't necessarily end the Great Depression, it successfully played a major role in relieving the distress of unemployment and poverty for many. However, it was the first time that government had played such an active role in the nation's economy and because of that many worried about the future of the nation. Some of Roosevelt's experimental programs are still in effect today. Programs such as Social Security, the FDIC and the SEC have become an integral part of society and they play as important a role today as they did in 1935.

The Resignation Speech of President Richard M. Nixon

The Nixon era of American history will be considered one of the most tumultuous times the nation has faced. Elected in 1968, Nixon was faced with a nation divided by the War in Vietnam, racial tension and economic disparity. International tensions were no less; Communist China was a great unknown enemy and the Cold War with Russia seemed on the verge of turning into a â€Å"hot† and potentially nuclear conflict at any moment. Six years later, following the infamous break-in at the Watergate Hotel and facing impeachment, Richard M. Nixon delivered his resignation speech on August 8, 1974.His speech is clearly a primary document necessary for understanding Nixon and his perspective on himself as well as on the Watergate fiasco. Obviously Nixon did not have a generous amount of time to prepare the speech, such as he would have with a typi-cal State of the Union address. It is also likely he wished, in retrospect, to have more time to craft a finer product. Nonetheless, he realize d the magnitude and uniqueness of the document, although at the time he probably did not realize the candid insight into his atti-tude and personality that it would provide.Facing impeachment as well as the possibility of criminal charges, it is likely Nix-on strongly felt the legal implications of any admissions he would make. Whether inten-tional or not, his speech gave strength to his detractors who considered him the deceitful â€Å"Tricky Dick†. Few if any of his supporters, much less detractors, expected him to shoul-der any blame for the illegal activities and cover-ups. The closest he could come to an admission of wrong-doing carried a self-serving caveat: â€Å"I regret deeply any injuries that may have been done in the course of the events that led to this decision.I would say only that if some of my judgments were wrong, and some were wrong, they were made in what I believed at the time to be the best interest of the nation. † Later revelations brought about through the White House Tapes would indicate Mr. Nixon had other interests, in-cluding his own political survival, in mind as well. Nixon took the approach of being a wounded warrior giving up a just cause â€Å"for the good of the country†.He does not refer to the act or use â€Å"impeachment†; rather, he calls it â€Å"the constitutional process† and although he â€Å"felt strongly† to see it through, he incongruously declared â€Å"to do otherwise would be unfaithful to the spirit of that deliber-ately difficult process and a dangerously destabilizing precedent for the future. † He claims he has â€Å"never been a quitter† and had always â€Å"taken heart† in Theodore Roose-velt’s â€Å"man in the arena† speech, and quotes it in its entirety. It would be nothing short of delightful to hear Teddy Roosevelt’s response.He claims he â€Å"preferred to carry through to the finish whatever the personal agony it wou ld have involved† and despite his family urging him onward, he reluctantly resigns because â€Å"the interests of the nation must always come before any personal considera-tions. † Therefore, he believes he can take credit for making the nation better: â€Å"I hope I will have hastened the start of that process of healing which is so desperately needed in America. † In other words, America has me to thank for removing the noose around the government’s neck which I so carefully knotted.Nixon was known as a man who often forgot his friends but never forgot an ene-my. Therefore it was pleasant to see his reformation: â€Å"And to those who have not felt able to give me your support, let me say I leave with no bitterness toward those who have op-posed me, because all of us, in the final analysis, have been concerned with the good of the country, however our judgments might differ. † Once again, later revelations would indicate Nixon was beyond bitternes s, and fully capable of destroying any real or poten-tial enemy, if it was in his power to do so without accountability.In retrospect, after thirty-plus years, the document really is, in a sense, Richard Nixon. A career politician, he was indeed a fighter from his days in Congress to facing off with Premier Nikita Khrushchev at the U. N. while Eisenhower’s Vice President. As president he shut down a ghastly war he inherited in Vietnam and took it upon himself to open relations with China and strengthen relations with the Arab states. Yet there was Tricky Dick, craw-fishing to the nation, claiming â€Å"some judgments were wrong†, but you know, I did it because I had the nation’s interests at heart.Truly a man of complexity and contradictions, his â€Å"rehabilitation† with the American public took years, and he never re-ally reached the â€Å"senior statesmen† rank more easily carried by Jimmie Carter and even Gerald Ford. No doubt anyone in his po sition would like to go back and redo such a unique and pivotal document. In today’s political arena even a finger-wagging â€Å"I did not have relations with that woman† Clinton, himself a veteran of â€Å"the constitutional process† can find rapid â€Å"rehabilitation†. One wonders whether some judicious and non-exculpatory editing on Nixon’s part would have hastened his recovery.Ending his presidency as no predecessor had, Nixon found it necessary to use al-most half of his address to extol the virtues and accomplishments of his presidency. Sad-ly, it sounds hollow, as â€Å"if no one else will tell you I left the world a better place, than I will†. In essence, it is a very sad document indeed, and Nixon supporters at the time felt the sting of humiliation and the disgrace of a remarkable hero while his opponents could point to his final words as president as a fitting memento of a failed and bitter man. His final speech helped place him in history in a way he never could have imagined.